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In contrast, the goal of military use of herbicides, as chemical weapons, was to defoliate jungle forests and destroy food crops as a strategy to win battles and wars. This new system of agricultural technologies was intended to eliminate global starvation and increase food security by increasing field and farm crop yields. These new agricultural products were then shipped worldwide to increase crop yields, as part of the Green Revolution. After WWII, synthetic herbicides (and pesticides) development continued in tandem with production of synthetic fertilizers and breeding of high-yield plant varieties. American and European farmers in the 1940s used 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T to eliminate weeds from pastureland and cropland. These dual purpose herbicides were used by DOD and USDA. In the 1950s and 1960s, Fort Detrick military scientists formulated the herbicide Agent Orange, which was a 50 - 50 mixture of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T. Camp Detrick (Biological Weapons Laboratory) scientists later obtained samples of newly created 2,4,5-T which contained unknown amounts of the by-product dioxin TCDD. Kraus obtained funding for his Department of Botany research program from Department of Defense (DOD) during World War II (WWII). After exposure, the plant experienced rapid and uncontrolled growth, and then the leaves shriveled, died and fell off.
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Kraus obtained access to a synthetic chemical, 2,4-D, and found that when the chemical was absorbed through the leaves of plants, it destroyed a plant’s hormones. Kraus, the Head of the Botany Department at the University of Chicago and a plant physiologist, suggested on the eve of WWII that weed killers had significant military value as chemical weapons. Administrators and scientists, including Dr. Scientists in Europe and America later called this mechanism a plant’s hormone response system. Darwin discovered the internal mechanism that directed plants to grow toward sunlight and sources of water. Discoveries in Charles Darwin’s laboratory led to modern herbicides.